Languages

The Accusative in Esperanto by Gaston Waringhien

Uses of the accusative (-N) ending in Esperanto.

The Accusative in Interlinguistics by Gaston Waringhien

An explanation for why a special accusative form contributes to a planned language.

Bahasa Indonesia by Edwin Burg

A short history and description of the Indonesian language, original printed in Esperanto U.S.A.

The Delegation for the Adoption of an International Language by A. L. Guérard

An early overview of the development of Ido.

Esperanto and Its Critics by Prof. W. E. Collinson

An examination of Idist criticisms of Esperanto, along with a number of counter-criticisms of Ido

Esperanto and the ideology of constructed languages by Donald Broadribb

An overview of both the social and the linguistic ideologies behind Esperanto, from the International Language Reporter 2d quarter 1970.

A Few Comparisons of Affixes in Occidental and Esperanto by William Gilbert

A former Occidentalist describes some lacunae in the Occidental system of derivation.

Five Theses to Hammer on the Gates of Babel by Alexander Gode

The creator of Interlingua describes his ideas on a world language and his vision for Interlingua, as presented in The International Language Review, October 1962-March 1963

The Gode-Lapenna Debate

Correspondence associated with the proposed but aborted 1963 debate between Alexander Gode, primary proponent of Interlingua, and Ivo Lapenna, then Secretary-General of the Universala Esperanto-Asocio, as initiated and collected by Floyd Hardin, originally printed in The International Language Review.

Klingon and Esperanto: The Odd Couple by Glen Proechel

A short comparison of Klingon and Esperanto, originally printed in Esperanto U.S.A.

Logopandikteision by Sir Thomas Urquhart

An enthusiastic presentation of the once-proposed planned language of this name

Neo-Romanticism in Language Planning by Edo Bernasconi

A critique of the philosophy behind the so-called "naturalistic" planned languages, from the book Esperanto aŭ Interlingua?

The Neo-Romance Languages by Edo Bernasconi

More specific criticisms of the best-known "naturalistic" planned languages, Occidental and Interlingua, also from the book Esperanto aŭ Interlingua?

On a Critic of Esperanto by Claude Piron

The author, a psychologist and former professional translator, comments on Justin B. Rye's web site critical of Esperanto.

A Philologist on Esperanto by J. R. R. Tolkien

The philologist and author's opinion of Esperanto as compared with other planned languages, originally published in The British Esperantist in 1932.

Remarks on the Esperanto Symposium by Mario Pei

The famous linguist's summing up of the situation at the end of the symposium "Is Esperanto the Answer to the World Language Problem?" as originally published in The International Language Review, July-September 1963.

Samples of multiple planned languages

Taken from Mario Pei's One Language for the World

Two Letters by John L. Lewine

Two letters about the International Language movement, from one of the great mid-20th-century interlinguists.

Where Is IALA Going? by W. Solzbacher

A 1945 look at the International Auxiliary Language Association's attempts to develop a new constructed language

Whorfian linguistic relativism and constructed languages by W. A. Verloren van Themaat

Some musings on the philosophical bases of schematic vs. naturalistic constructed languages, and which group has a better chance of success, from the International Language Reporter, 3rd quarter 1969.